ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTSModule Module A
Academic Year 2023/2024 - Teacher: Salvatore GRAZIANIExpected Learning Outcomes
The course aims at introducing the notions required for electronic measurements. The course deals with basic electronic measurement science and measurement techniques for main electrical quantities, measurement uncertainty, and its estimation. Metrological characteristics of measuring instrumentations, basic analog measuring instruments in AC and DC and their metrological characteristics, and measuring methods will be introduced.
Experimental sections will be organized. Students will work in groups.
Lessons are given in English. Basic measurement theory will be taught both in English and Italian, in order to let the student acquire the basic vocabulary of measurement science in both the languages.
Knowledge and understaning
The student knows the elements of a measuring section, corresponding measuring tools, measuring methods, and measurement uncertainty estimation.
Applying knowledge and understaning
Thanks to the knowledge acquired during the module, the student will be able to estimate the value for a given electrical parameter. He can estimate the measuring uncertainty for a measurand. He can perform group activities.
Making judgements
The student can critically analyze the results of a measurement section and compare the coherence of results with information on the adopted method and mesurement resources. The student can choose new solutions to improve the results of a measurement section. This skill is obtained by group class activities and lab sections.
Communication skills
The student can use technical language to describe theoretical elements of electronic measurements and the results of experimental sections. He can report both in oral and written forms.
This skill is obtained thanks to self-evaluation forms and written reports on lab sections.
Learning skills
The student can read and understand technical books on Electronic Measurements, both in Italian and English. He can use data-sheets. This skill is obtained by individual studying suggested books, collaborative investigations of data-sheets during class exercises and lab sections.
Course Structure
This course consists of classroom lessons, numerical exercises, and lab expericences. Lectures will provide a theoretical understanding of metrology and measurement science. Numerical exercises, which will be worked out with the active involvement of the class, and lab experiments will be useful to better understand the theoretical part of the course. Students will be divided into groups for the lab experiments.
The didactical activity is organized in Units. After completion of each Unit, a seft-avaluation form will be provided. The check of the form will be possible, provided that the form has been deliverd no later that one week after the Unit completion.
Students will develop soft skills because of group activities. Written reports will be required.
Should teaching be carried out in mixed mode or remotely, it may be necessary to introduce changes with respect to previous statements, in line with the programme planned and outlined in the syllabus.
Required Prerequisites
Attendance of Lessons
Detailed Course Content
Textbook Information
Course Planning
Subjects | Text References | |
---|---|---|
1 | Quantity, Measure, Measurement, Measurement methods: direct and indirect measurement methods, Null and deflection measurement methods, | 1), 2), 4). |
2 | Indication, Metrological characteristics of a measuring instrument, Calibration diagram, Calibration curve and instrumental measurement uncertainty, sensitivity, resolution, hysteresis, precision and accuracy, repeatability and reproducibility. | 1), 2), 4). |
3 | Uncertainty of measurement, Type A Type B uncertainties, Combanied standard uncerainty: uncorrelated input quantities and correlated input quantities, expanded uncertainty. | 1), 2), 5). |
4 | Analog measuring instruments, the permanent magnet-moving coil galvanometer, milliammeter, millivoltmeter, ammeter, voltmeter, zero-center galvanometer, accuracy class, | 3). |
5 | voltmeter-ammeter method and corresponding loading effects, | 3). |
6 | Weathstone bridge circuit, Substitution methods, Potentiometer method for e.m.f. and current measurement, Clark's potentiometer, Kelvin-Varley potentiometer, direct reading potentiometer. | 3). |
7 | AC-DC converters: half-wave and full-wave average reading, half-wave and full-wave peak reading, and true rms-reding rectifiers, | 3). |
8 | Analog Oscilloscopes, Cathoide ray tube and its senibility, horizontal and vertical channels, time base, triggered sweep. | 3). |
Learning Assessment
Learning Assessment Procedures
The examination consists of an oral examination for modules
A and B. The oral exam is evaluated based on the quality of the technical
language used and the ability to correctly and completely solve the proposed
problems.
Module A
The exam consists of 3 questions. One question is related to the basic
principles of metrology (Units 1 and 2), the second to measurement instruments
(Units 3 and 4), the third to measurement methods (unit 3).
Each question is given a mark between 1 and 10. The total score for the test is
the sum of the scores for the three questions. The typical test duration is 30
minutes. The questions given may include both theoretical questions and
numerical exercises.
Ongoing test - Module A
Students who have fulfilled the attendance requirements have the opportunity to
participate to ongoing tests, which take place at the end of each module and
whose dates are published on the website of the Dregree, in the exam calendar.
The ongoing tests are evaluated on the basis of the ability to provide an
adequate solution to the proposed problems, the formal correctness and
completeness of the solutions, the quality of the technical language used, the
correctness in performing the necessary calculations, and the results
delivered.
With respect to Module A, the ongoing test consists of short numerical
exercises (up to 10 points), a theoretical question with explicit development
of the proof (up to 10 points), and a full numerical exercise to perform and
elaborate the results of a measurement (up to 10 points). The duration of the
test is 2 hours.
The results of the tests will be available at the beginning of the lessons of
Module B. Students can access the correction of their test within one week
after the results are published.
To ensure equal opportunities and in compliance with current laws, interested students may request a personal interview in order to plan any compensatory and/or dispensatory measures based on educational objectives and specific needs. Students can also contact the CInAP (Centro per l’integrazione Attiva e Partecipata - Servizi per le Disabilità e/o i DSA) referring teacher within their department.
The learning test can also be done electronically if the conditions require it.
Examples of frequently asked questions and / or exercises
the time base of the oscilloscope
the volt-ammeter method